Why spinach?

>100 µmol/g

dry leaf, stored by spinach's plant family under salt stress

Applied to plants, glycine betaine raises their tolerance to abiotic stress such as salt, drought and temperature.

Not claimed yet: How much glycine betaine each litre of RootMatrix carries.

4.2×10⁻⁷ M

the level above which it disrupted plant-parasitic nematodes

Root-knot, cyst and lesion nematodes moulted abnormally, invaded roots less and died. Spinach is one of very few crops that makes it in quantity.

Not claimed yet: Whether a field dose reaches that level in the root zone.

<20 µM

active against bacterial wilt, bacterial canker and Fusarium fungi

Spinach defensins made inside citrus trees gave tolerance to citrus greening. The US EPA has exempted their residues in citrus from a food tolerance.

Not claimed yet: Whether the peptides stay active after formulation.

~1,000 µmol/L

the oxalate level that freed bound phosphate in soil

Root acids release phosphorus held by soil minerals. Of citrate, malate and oxalate, oxalate freed the most phosphate.

Not claimed yet: A dose that high in the field. We count it as a root-zone bonus, not a phosphorus claim.

Amino-chelates

nutrients bound to amino acids such as glycine and glutamate

Described as safer and more efficient than routine fertiliser salts or synthetic EDTA chelates, especially as sprays.

Not claimed yet: The same review notes that crop-response data are still limited.